Week 9, Project Planning

       For project #2, I have decided to use the project prompt : From a piece of fiction choose a female character on whom to focus, and create a project that discusses some of the following question. In this class, we have read many books with female characters and I have enjoyed some of these readings, so that is the main reason why I chose this topic. I am choosing the reading "About the House Girl" for this project because almost this whole story was about a girl and how she was cherished not just by her family, but a young boy her age also. She was one of the main characters of this story and the story pretty much evolved around her.
       I am aware that we need to use literary devices in our project and I plan on using characterization, theme, plot, and a couple others once I start thinking about what to write more in depth. I think it should be easy to relate and discuss these literary devises into my project because this story had many of them used, and they were pretty straight forward to understand. I have outlined some ideas on a piece of paper by taking notes and thinking about what I am going to write and how to tie it into my thesis. Since this prompt has many questions required to talk about based off of the reading, I am assuming my thesis has to relate to all the questions or be a separate thesis for each question. The questions are based off her attitude and how she and other characters view herself, so I think I can tie each of those into a thesis.
My thesis statement is "I believe Ifapi was viewed as a price possession by the author and the main characters of this story and she herself did not believe that as much as they did. She grew up getting babied by her father and Aunt, but as she grew up she wanted to be herself and live her own life, and that happened once she met Patipir. My attitude towards her is positive based off the events that happened in the story and the personal decisions she made.
       I am going to think about this a little more and might change it a little bit, but that is a base line for my thesis. I have a good idea of what and how I am going to do this project on and I think my planning has helped me a lot.

Week 9 Progress

       My progress of this class is going well so far. In canvas, it shows I have 202 points out of a possible 210. However, that doesn't match up with the grading chart that was attached to our assignment, so I am not sure why mine is different. I believe I am on track to pass this class with an A or B and that is my goal. I will continue to do as much work I can throughout the rest of this semester to make that happen. There are no changes I would like to make for the rest of this semester since I am already doing fine as it is. One mistake I would like to avoid is doing the project wrong on my first submission. On our first project, I submitted it and half of it was wrong, so I would like to not do that again on the rest of our projects.

Week 8 Reading and Writing

       Looking back, we sure have had a lot of reading and writing assignments in a short amount of time. For the most part, they have been pretty good and I have been able to learn some things that have helped me out in previous assignments. My favorite reading so far has been "About the House Girl." The reading notes are helping me with my story posts because if I ever need any information to clarify something, I can go back to those notes and read what I put down. I have discovered a few new reading and research strategies, but its sometimes hard to mix them in to the homework. However, they have benefitted me and I am glad I learned some new strategies. I am happy with my class project, even though I was off to a slow start. My biggest accomplishment this class has been my improvements on the analysis each week and my project. Looking forward, there is nothing I want to do to get more out of the reading and writing assignments for this class. I believe the way we are doing them now is working out good.

Topic Brainstorm

For my project brainstorm, the three projects I have considered doing are :

1) Compare and contrast elements of two different texts.
I am interested in this because I can practice my comparing and contrasting skills which I think will help me with the overall class. Previous knowledge that I have from this would be small homework assignments from this class and high school that are related to comparing and contrasting. Id like to learn how to more affectively compare and contrast information, especially novels. Doing the first project will help me with this one because of the skills and information I was able to learn in our last project.

2) From a piece of fiction, choose a female character on whom to focus, and create a project that discusses some of the following.
I am interested in this because I know a story that would be perfect for this example. Previous knowledge none really besides some small homework assignments that can somewhat be related to this. Id like to get better at answering questions and comparing information in a story.

3) Choose one short story or novel. Write a piece in which you explore the following.
I am interested in this because it talks about the history. Previous knowledge is any assignment I have done that has to do with comparing history. I would like to get better and researching and understanding history from a novel we have read.

Analysis, Week 8, de Angulo

       For week 8, I have decided to do a close reading post on the writing called de Angulo. I am going to discuss the very first paragraph of this story. The first paragraph talks about coyotes, which are mentioned throughout the whole story. These coyotes are not actual coyotes though, as they're described as people with two different personalities. This paragraph also explained the importance of understanding how these coyotes work in Indian psychology. This paragraph was interesting to me but throughout the story I could see that a lot of it related back to this paragraph.

       This paragraph could be difficult to understand since the author is using animal names to describe humans, but I broke it down and it was easier to understand after. One of the metaphors he uses is when he uses coyote as someone's name. Even though this person isn't really a coyote, that is what they are referred to and looked at as. I think this paragraph was important because it informed us early of the coyotes meaning and the roll they had back then. They were looked at as "good" and "evil" and that is easy to see in the story.

       The text hasn't changed much for me since I broke it down, but I was able to relate and compare it to our world today. I am aware that people in Mexico are still called coyotes today, and they have to do with the boarder patrol in Mexico. I don't know that much about them, but I do know that both the coyote in this story and the coyote name in Mexico has similar meaning. Understanding from the beginning of the story about what a coyote was is important, and I think it was a good job by the author to start the story off by informing us about it.

       This paragraph was not really a break in action or resolution, but more of a heads up to the readers to help understand what was to come in the rest of the story. This information doesn't refer back to anything, but hints the readers as to whats to come later in the story. This is important to our understanding of the characters because if you cant understand what a coyote is and the role they had back then, the whole story would be difficult to understand. I cannot think of any other moments in the text like this one. Overall, the meaning of this paragraph was interesting, and it was cool to relate some of it back to our world today.

Reading Notes, Part 8, de Anglulo, Part B

Reading Notes for de Angulo Part B (414-421)



-born in France
-arrived in Colorado in 1905
-coyote and coyote saga
-coyote has a double personality
-don't know what god is
-Lina is a woman who died
-somewhere out west is where all the people die
-old stories and myths
-Jack and all the relatives finally returned in 5 or 6 different wagons
-threw everything into the fire as they unloaded it
-"Indians always argue"
-coyotes and foxes were everywhere
-Pit River Indians were afraid to touch mortar rocks

Pages 414-421
Author: Jaime de Angulo

Week 7, Analysis, Lummis

       For week 7, I am going to write a close reading post about the story called Charles Fletcher Lummis and the section of this story I am going to talk about is on page 343, third paragraph on the page. This section talks about how Lummis was sitting in his office writing, when all of a sudden he heard two explosions. When these explosions happened, Lummis jumped straight to the conclusion that the LA Times had been dynamited and he was correct. The very next morning, he got a 4 page article at his door step explaining that the Times had been destroyed.
       It is obvious that the LA Times had some issues in the beginning of the text leading up to the explosion, but even after knowing those issues I did not think they would get dynamited. However, to Lummis it seemed like no surprise and looked like he had been preparing for this day to happen for years, and it finally did. I think this hit him hard because of the long time he worked with the Times, fought with them, and defended them in many different instances. That was his job, and his second home and it had been blown up and killed 20 men.
       Breaking down the paragraph led me to realize it was a very strong and clear point the author was trying to make, and I made this assumption from the word choices he used such as: two explosions, dynamite, threats, the phrase he shouted to god when the explosions happened, killing twenty men. These are all powerful words that were obviously talking about a powerful event, but I think the author chose to use these powerful words to indicate how much it affected him by the Times getting blown up. There is different ways and words to use to describe something like this that don't seem so powerful, but the way he described this scene going down really shows it impacted him as a person.
       Taking a step back and looking at the paragraph I chose to analyze, my opinion hasn't changed much but I have realized how deep Lummis took this event when it happened, and the impact it ultimately gave him. I don't need to re-state my thesis much, but I need to add that this wasn't only a huge event that went down in the Times history, but it was a huge event that went down in Lummis' life as well. It all adds up because Lummis had talked about the threats the Times had earlier in the story, and we saw the disagreements the Times went through with different agencies. So it was kind of a hint the whole time, but did not seem real to anyone until it happened.
       Taking another step back, this was not really a break in action but an ignition of action. This explosion boomed a new topic in the story for us as readers. This tells a story about a previous event, and how it was kind of revenge. I cannot think of any other moments as significant as this that happened anywhere else in the text.

Reading Notes, Week 7, Lummis Part B

Notes for Lummis (339-347) Part B


-walked to Los Angeles from Ohio
-when he reached San Gabriel, he met with Otis
-they then walked 11 miles to LA
-the next morning, he was on duty at his new job Los Angeles times
-used to shoot quail and jackrabbits
-the times supported the Chief of Police after a police fight in the city
-the union was battling with the times
-railroad strike in 1904
-in 1910, he was writing when he heard two explosions
-the times building had been exploded, killing 20 men
-1887, LA was growing b7 1500 each month
-SD was growing by half that rate
-in May 1888, half of Southern California was plowed

Reading Notes, Week 7, Noguchi Part A

Notes for Noguchi (330-338) Part A


-one of the first literary figures that came to California
-arrived to California in 1893 via boat
-started publishing poems and books
-"Chinese steerage" smell made him sick on the way over
-didn't eat or drink for many days
-reached San Francisco on a Sunday morning
-didn't know much, but knew there was plenty of things to learn in California
-attracted to the American women
-got hit by a man from California who called him a "jap"
-grew to love Mr. Miller
-wanted to travel to the Yosemite valley
-as he traveled, he stopped and stayed in vacant houses
-he began to travel a lot
-stayed at Monetery and learned the mystery of the sea
-one of his favorites was traveling through San Luis Obisbo

Project Revision, Week 6

Logan Huntze

Ms. H

English 205

27 February 2019

Project #1

Love has an important affect on each individual’s life, some in a positive way and some in a negative. Two texts that we have read this semester that involves love are “About the House Girl” (40-50) and “Thocmetony” [Sarah Winnemucca] (254-261). These two texts illustrate love in two different ways. In “About the House Girl,” love is accepted and persuaded by each individual, versus in “Thocmetony,” love is more hesitant and persuaded in a much different way and often times frowned upon rather than being something special. I think love was much easier to pursue in the story “About the House Girl” compared to “Thocmetony” and love definitely had a different meaning in both texts.

            We have been reading lots of texts from back in the day about California’s history and the influence it had on so many people. Each story has had a meaning behind it and that is a reason why I chose the topic to talk about that I did. In the beginning of the semester, we read a text called “About the House Girl” (40-50) and this was an interesting story to me. I was able to relate to the story in some way and I was also able to paint a good picture in my mind about what the setting was during that time. This text was evolved around the love that Patipir had for Ifapi, and eventually the love they both had for each other. We have also read another text in this class called “Thocmetony” [Sarah Winnemucca] (254-261) and in this text girls are involved with special ceremonies growing up and the value of love is rarely taught to them. For a man to marry a woman, he must approach her at night while she is sleeping in her grandmothers lodge, and from there the women either tells the man to go away or she accepts him and they get married. The concept is much different in this story than “About the House Girl.”

            In the text “About the House Girl,” the main character Patipir is described as a hard working young man who enjoys fishing and hunting, and on his quite time he enjoys playing the flute near the river. He lived on a village, and had other villages around him that were separated by a river. Ifapi, the other main character who is discovered later in the story, is also a young woman who stays with her older Aunt on the village of Rekwoi. Rekwoi is located directly across the river from Patipir. Patipir has known Ifapi’s Aunt his whole life, but has never seen Ifapi. In this text, Patipir begins his journey to locate and marry Ifapi, and the events leading up to this is what makes this story so interesting.  

            The story “About the House Girl” was definitely based around love, and from the start Patipir worked hard to get Ifapi. I think the river that separated the two symbolized the road to marriage, and Patipir knew that getting across that river meant he could finally find Ifapi. The imagery described in this text was very detailed, and it emphasized the meaning certain scenes had on the overall outcome of the story greatly. Without the description of the river, the smell of fresh sea weed in the air, and the steep hill leading up to Ifapi’s house, the story would have been more generic and basic. The scene where Patipir finally finds Ifapi out on the beach during the middle of the night really shows that it was love at first sight. Patipir knew who she was right from the start, and that night he continued to follow her around and watch her. The following day when he decides to go back up to her Aunts house, find Ifapi, and take her away to marry her seals the deal for him. However, the overall meaning of the story stays the same, and that meaning is love.

            Characterization is also a literary device used in this text, and it can be applied to both Patipir and Ifapi. Patipir was a young, hard working man, however was shy towards girls and focused most of his attention on hunting, fishing, or playing the flute. Ifapi was also a shy young woman, but her days consisted of staying inside and occasionally going out at night to dance at the beach. When the two saw each other that night at the beach, both of their personalities changed as they became less shy with one another, even though they didn’t even speak to each other that night. This escalated into the next day when Patipir went to Ifapi’s house, took her with him, and married her that day. Both of these characters changed, and it’s all because of the love they had for each other. This emphasizes the meaning of love that the author applied to the story and reveals that love at first sight is actually a thing.

            Another literary device this text uses is plot and by doing so, it creates a better understanding of how each event goes down to create a more significant meaning. There is a sequence of events that lead up to the important ending of the story, and is was very clear to follow in this text. The first important event that happened was Patipir crossing the river and going up to Ifapi’s house because of the smell of fresh sea weed. The next event was Patipir heading out to the beach at night, spotting Ifapi, and watching her the whole night. The third event was Patipir going back to Ifapi’s house the day after the dancing, finding Ifapi, and taking her with him. The fourth and final important event was Patipir getting permission from Ifapi’s parents to marry her, and them both going off into the ocean to start their new lives. Each of these events are very meaningful, and they all play an important part into the overall meaning of the story, and this is love. Each one of these events occur because of love from Patipir towards Ifapi and the author demonstrates this very well in each scene. If Patipir didn’t participate in any of these events, the overall outcome and meaning of the story would have been different. Love symbolized the whole story, and each event had its own responsibility in the outcome of the text.

            The other story we have read in class is “Thocmetony” and love was also a factor in this story. Love had a different meaning to this text, and what makes it different is love wasn’t necessarily the whole meaning of the story. Love was mixed into the story, and the way love is looked at and perceived is much different than the other text called “About the House Girl.” In “Thocmetony,” each child, especially woman, are taught to be good and are to follow a specific guideline when they are growing up. The girls in this story are Indian, and they do not do certain things until they meet a white man who is there to teach them. They are taught by their parents to love everyone, including their siblings, cousins, aunts and uncles. However, the young woman are not allowed to talk to any young men that is not their cousin.

            Each year, the Indian girls have an event called the Festival of Flowers and this is an opportunity for the girls to dress up and finally be able to talk to young men. At this festival, the girls meet boys that they are interested in, and the boys walk them through the flower ceremony and sing the flower songs with them. When finished, the “Chief” would come out and announce that their flower day will come in 5 days, and until then they must wait. Five days later the ceremony happens, the girls now call themselves the “flower girls” and after the dancing is complete the day full of happiness ends. From there, the girls are sent off to womanhood at the grandmother’s house, and this is recognized as a very sacred thing. The girls cannot get married until after they have been through womanhood. Womanhood lasts twenty five days, and each day the girls are given certain tasks to complete that will help strengthen them. Once these twenty five days are over, the women are now open for men to approach. During the night, men will approach the girl sleeping next to the grandmother, and they are either told to leave or they’re accepted. It takes up to a year for some men to be accepted by the woman, but once they are the men can get permission from the girl’s father to love his daughter. After this, they have a wedding feast with lots of food and their lives continue on.

            In this story, symbolism is used a lot to describe and show the true meaning of certain events. When a woman gets to the age where she can participate in the flower ceremony, that is the first big milestone in the young girls life. This symbolizes the opportunity to meet a young man and find love. Once the girls are assigned flowers, the flower ceremony begins and they have the most special day of their life so far, and the most fun they have ever had also. It is an opportunity for a man to participate in a ceremony with the girls, and the whole time they are preparing themselves for love. After the festival, the girls must go to womanhood which is provided to them by their grandmother’s. The girls are here for 25 days and each day they are given a new task to complete, which ultimately gets them stronger. Womanhood symbolizes the importance of marriage to the young girls, and allows them to learn certain things that will help them be successful in their future lives with men. The final step is the men approaching the girls when they’re asleep, and the girls making the decision whether or not they are ready to marry this man. All of these events are described as important opportunities  that both men and woman get to learn and appreciate the meaning of love, and I think the author does a great job breaking each one of these events down to understand the true meaning.

            The author uses imagery a lot in this text to help describe each event that is happening which emphasizes the meaning of love. The flower each girl is given represents an opportunity for love, and the way the author describes these flowers shows the true meaning of how important it actually is. The flower festival is very descriptive, and easily paints a picture in my mind about what is actually happening in that scene. Womanhood is very visual, especially the woman cutting and stacking firewood to gain strength. The author uses this imagery to emphasize how important it is to be strong before a girl decides to get married. The last step before marriage is the men approaching the woman while sleeping, and this event is also easy to paint a picture of. The woman must decide whether they are ready for marriage, and having the grandmother there while the girl makes her decision is important because she is the one who has put the girl through womanhood and showed her the importance of being strong. Each individual scene has its own imagery, but they all have the same meaning and impact and that is for the girls to find love. Love is a process that is cherished by the family of the young girls, and it is a huge factor that is played into this story.

            Both “About the House Girl” and “Thocmetony” emphasize the meaning of love and the importance of it; However, it is looked at very differently in each texts. “About the House Girl” describes a young boy who is determined to find and marry the love of his life, and each event in the story descries an action he partakes in to make this happen. There are no rules of marriage in this story, and the young boy Patipir does all the work by himself to marry Ifapi. This is very different compared to “Thocmetony.” In “Thocmetony,” girls have to go through certain ceremonies and training before they can even talk to boys their age. The process to be able to be married takes a long time, most of the time over a year. They have to be taught certain things and go through training to learn the importance of love, but this was cherished in this story. Nothing like this happens in today’s world, and it is crazy to see how things have changed tremendously. However, Patipir’s actions relate to the world we live in today. Most people find someone they’re interested in, and make an effort to be with them. What is different in today’s world compared to “About the House Girl” is the time to get married. Patipir married Ifapi the first day he took her from her house. In today’s world I would say that never happens, and it usually takes a few years to get married.

            Both authors describe love in two different ways with two different perspectives and stories. It is interesting to think about how things have changed from back then until now. Although one thing hasn’t changed, and that is the meaning of love. Love was persuaded in two different ways in the story, and it is persuaded a whole different way in today’s world but the meaning of love is still the same. One author described the journey a young boy took to meet the love of his dreams and marry her, and another author described the importance of love more in depth and shows the steps required to take to become married. Each one of them were different points of view, but revolved around love in different ways.

Week 6 Analysis, John Muir

       For this weeks reading, I have decided to do a literary analysis on the reading "John Muir" (298-307). This story was from a very long time ago, and  it discussed California in a way we haven't seen much of before. The text was very descriptive, one of the most descriptive texts I remember reading in this class so far, and is very detailed about what the outdoors were like back then.

       In this text, there are a few literary devices that I can relate this story to and explain how they are a part of it. This story used a lot of imagery. I learned a lot about what California used to look like, especially in the Yosemite and Shasta area. That was pretty interesting to me because I visit those areas often, so reading something about what they used to look like was intriguing. I enjoyed reading about how the sierras used to be, and how it was split between the north and south. It seemed like most parts of California at this time were split into different regions, and they all had their own function and meaning. I think that concept has faded away in the world we live in today, it is more of just north and south. The volcanos make the text pretty amazing, especially since we never see volcanos anywhere near us today. These definitely had an impact on California and the cities surrounding, and has shaped the layout of the state today. All of the topography from back then has changed tremendously to this day, but it has all been a process of shaping the state we live in and that was interesting to understand. California truly has changed and who knows what it will be like in 50 years.

       A theme that I was able to connect to myself in this text is when it talked about Mount Shasta and the rivers surrounding it. I go up to Shasta pretty often, and it is one of my favorite places to visit. I couldn't imagine seeing Shasta any other way I have, and to think about what it was like back then is crazy. I also enjoyed reading about the Pitt River Indians, and what happened with them and Shasta. This connected with me because the Pitt River is still around at Shasta, and the lake actually has a part of it called the Pitt River arm, so that was pretty cool. This works as a metaphor with what the author is discussing because it symbolizes change. We learned about what these areas were like years ago, and connected it to how they are now. If things didn't happen the way they did back then, California would be different today so it all represents change.

       The context is written in a historical way, since almost the whole text is about the history of California's topography and how it has evolved. This was definitely and influence on how this text was written, and topography obviously meant something to the author. This text is important because it allows people to relate to certain things mentioned in the writing, and allows people to think about the amazing changes that have happened since those days.

Reading Notes, Week 6, John Muir, Part B

Notes for John Muir (298-307) Part B



-naturalist and ardent conservationist
-studied at University of Washington
-California's topography is very diverse
-coast ranged from 2000-8000 feet high
-the Sierra is 500 miles long, 70 miles wide
- Yosemite was made up of rocks that were the size of mountains
-middle region full of big trees and bushes
-bear and deer graze through the wilderness
-gold region of California, it brought miners from all over the world
-February to April the whole foothill is a swarm of bees
-every winter the Sierra gets snow
-north region floods with lava
-the volcanos have an impact on all the surrounding locations
-Pitt River Indians
-the ice started to fade away
-California continued to slowly change over time into what it is today

Reading Notes, Week 6, Josiah Royce, Part A

Notes for Josiah Royce (279-286)


-born in Grass Valley
-Californian's known as the conquerors
-drama of the Mexican War
-England and France were rivals
-presence of the first golden days
-two errors exist within California between 1848 and 1856
-"mining camps"
-California was full of Jonahs
-the new comers to California were homeless
-violence unrolled
-true carelessness came from many people

Project 1

Logan Huntze

Ms. H

English 205

27 February 2019

Project #1

To complete my first project of English 205 and meet the standards given, I have chosen the topic: Pick a subject – love, work, freedom, etc. Then choose two selections and discuss how that subject is discussed in those selections. Use literary devices to help frame your discussion.

           

            We have been reading lots of texts from back in the day about California’s history and the influence it had on so many people. Each story has had a meaning behind it and that is a reason why I chose the topic to talk about that I did. In the beginning of the semester, we read a text called “About the House Girl” (40-50) and this was an interesting story to me. I was able to relate to the story in some way and I was also able to paint a good picture in my mind about what the setting was during that time. For this text, I am going to talk about love and how it is discussed in that story, as well as the literary devices used. During the time in this class, we also read a text called “Sarah Eleanor Royce” (136-140) and this story was also interesting and meaningful to me. The main characters of the story, a husband and wife, set out on a journey to travel towards California. Their main goal was to reach California to have freedom and be successful with their lives, but in order to get there they had to work. I am going to discuss how work is described in this story and how it played into them reaching their goal, which was ultimately success.

            In the text “About the House Girl,” the main character Patipir is described as a hard working young man who enjoys fishing and hunting, and on his quite time he enjoys playing the flute near the river. He lived on a village, and had other villages around him that were separated by a river. Ifapi, the other main character who is discovered later in the story, is also a young woman who stays with her older Aunt on the village of Rekwoi. Rekwoi is located directly across the river from Patipir. Patipir learned about this young girl on the other side of the river from his family, but they knew nothing about her. From the beginning, it was obvious Patipir wanted to meet this girl, but he had little knowledge of girls and didn’t know exactly how he would do this.

            One day Patipir was peacefully playing his flute near the river when he saw two girls across the way down in front of Ifapi’s house. After some chuckling and whispering, Patipir made his way across the river to the two girls. This was his first time ever crossing the river in his canoe, and once he reached the girls he was not with them long. The smell of fresh seaweed attracted Patipir’s attention up the hill to the Aunt’s house, where Ifapi lived. Patipir ditched the two girls he was with, and headed uphill. He arrived, talking to the old Aunt he had known his whole life, and then made his way into her house. At this time, he saw Ifapi for the first time and he was attracted. He didn’t stay long, and soon left back down to his canoe and headed back to his village. From the moment he saw Ifapi, he knew he had to meet her, and from this point on in the story he attempted everything he could to get to her.

            The next night Patipir did his same routine, heading across the river as the sun went down. This time, the two girls ran from him, and he was left confused on the other side of the river. But soon after that, he heard the voices of people, and went down to the river to investigate. He was confronted by people who told him to get on the canoe to come to the dancing across the ocean, so that’s what he did. As he arrived to the beach, he was amazed to see all the dancing going on. Suddenly while he was there, he spotted a young women near the fire, and after examining her realized that it was Ifapi, outside of her house for once. That whole night into the following morning he watched her, and the next day he once again headed to the Aunt’s house where she lived. This time, wasting no time, he went inside and grabbed Ifapi, attempting to take her with him. The Aunt stopped him, but after listening to his reasoning she allowed him to take her, and Patipr explained that he was going to marry Ifapi that night. They proceeded to go down to the river, hop in the canoe, and head for Ifapi’s fathers house to tell him the news .She arrived and said to her father, “that you may know my husband” (47). This shows that she too was excited about the situation.  After explaining the situation to the father, he was excited for his girl and new son-in-law and they both headed down river with their friends and family. They had their marriage ceremony on the same beach as the dancing from the night before, and soon after that Patipir and Ifapi headed down river in their canoe to start their lives on new land far away from their villages.

            This story was definitely based around love, and from the start Patipir worked hard to get Ifapi. There were many scenes in this story that hinted Patipir trying to get to Ifapi, and one day he finally did. It was like love at first sight for both of them, and things worked out perfectly in the end. Patipr wasted no time with Ifapi, as the first day he took her out he married her. This is very different than what goes on today in our world, as people often date for years before getting married. This is one thing that is very different now than it was back then. Patipir’s hard work and determination led to his success with finding and marrying Ifapi, and they both went off to continue their lives in a new place.

            This text also uses literary devices to describe different situations in the text such as characters or the overall setting. One literary device that is used in this text is characterization, and that applies to both Patipir and Ifapi. Patipir is described as a young, hardworking man, who is also very shy around girls. Although his actions changed when he found out about Ifapi, and after seeing her he was no longer shy towards her. Ifapi was also a young shy girl, but he intended to stay inside most of the time, and people that knew of her thought she never left the house. However, she was spotted at night at the dance party by Patipir, and that was the first time for him to see her outside. She also changed when she saw him, as she was no longer shy towards him. Imagery is also a literary device that was used quite often in this text. Patipir used imagery the most, and it started out by him describing the kind of things he does: cutting fire wood, fishing, hunting, and playing the flute. Each one of these things can be visually imagined in your head, which makes it easier to understand what was actually happening in the story. Another literary device that was used often in this text is theme. The theme was constantly changing. The theme went from one village to the next, on a canoe in the river, to a beach in the ocean. The theme constantly changed and I think each different theme had its own meaning. The last literary device that was used a lot in this text is symbolism. Ifapi symbolized love and future life for Patipir, and that was important to how this story evolved and ended up.

            The next story I am going to discuss is called “Sarah Eleanor Royce” and this was a great representation of the people’s goal back in the 1800’s to make the trek to California. A husband and wife made the decision to leave Iowa, and head towards California in the middle of the gold rush to start a new successful life. Anyone who makes the decision to make that long of a hike has to be determined and willing to work for what they want to accomplish. They had one thing in their favor, and that was their transportation. They were able to ride mules which benefitted them a lot throughout the story. They started the adventure and each night would stop and rest to prepare for the next day. The first night, they stopped and were surrounded by feet of snow. They were at a disadvantage as it was hard to get a fire started, but they did what they could to make it work.

            On October 19^th, it was an exciting day of their journey. As they made their way across steep slopes and hills, the wife looked out into the valley and saw the “promise land.” She was so excited and said “I knew I was looking across the Sacramento Valley.” There long journey full of hard work had finally gotten more exciting, as they were now closer to their end goal of reaching California. Each night, they continued to stop the traveling and get some rest and food in their bodies. Two days later on October 21^st, they unloaded their packs and made fires that were somewhat close to other campers and travelers. That night they were awoken by ruckus and loud footsteps, and then a few shots were fired. The Indians had found them and were trying to kill them. One man was hit by an arrow, and a few other men rushed towards the Indians to try and catch them. The Indians had an advantage of knowing the area better and they got away.

            A few days later on October 24^th, they reached another town called Weaverville that was full of villages and people. The husband and wife were finally comfortable with where they were, and at this time they were able to meet up with one of the husband’s old friends. His friend had been in California longer than he had, and he had a small portion of gold that he had earned while gold mining. The friend proposed a plan to the women’s husband, and that plan was to head towards Sacramento City to buy some goods, and then open their own store. The husband and wife agreed, and there new business journey had started. They worked hard to build housing for each other and also had work to do before they could open the shop. After hard work by both the husband and his friend, the time of opening the shop had finally come. They soon had people working for them, and their business was growing. They purchased cattle, and each day they were able to sell fresh meat which was a huge profit. They also had guys out gold mining during the day, which was also brining in profit to the business. As business continued, they started making new friends with the guys from the community who had make the same journey to California as they had. They even met some Indians and made friends with them. The husband and wife’s journey from Iowa paid off as they had reached California, started their own business, and became successful.

            This story evolved around work, lots of hard work. Back in that time, it was common for people to travel from all over to come to California because of the gold rush. Even though that was the “norm”, it was still very hard work and some people never made it. However, this husband and wife team traveled and traveled, encountered some crazy things such as getting hunted down by Indians, and in the end made it to California. This was all because of their hard work and dedication to reach their final goal. In California, they continued working hard and eventually opened their own store and created great business. People were working for them and the business continued to grow, and they were very successful. This shows that hard work can get you anywhere, and if you continue working hard you can accomplish your dreams like they did.

            There were many different literary devices used in this story. The first one was imagery. Imagery was used a lot in this story, especially when they explained their journey. The journey was hard and traitorous, and it was easy to create an image in my head as to what it looked like. Another literary device that was used was plot. There were many events laid out from the start to finish of this story, and each plot had a different meaning. The next device that was used a lot in this story was symbolism. First off, the overall journey towards California symbolized success and freedom. Once they made it, hard work of gold mining and opening a business symbolized their future lives, and the success they will have. Overall, work symbolized the outcome of this story, and that outcome was success and profit.